What you need to know if you decide to work past the State Pension age
It used to be the case that your employer could force you to retire when you hit 65, whether you wanted to finish working or not.
However, the ‘Default Retirement Age’ was scrapped in April 2011, following a campaign by charity Age UK. Now older workers can, in theory, work for as long as they please.
In fact, a new survey from financial services tech consultancy Dunstan Thomas reveals that nearly 40% of Baby Boomers (those aged 58-75) plan to work beyond the current State Pension age of 66 or 67 by 2028.
Working past the State Pension age might be a wise option if you have outstanding debts to pay or you want to continue topping up your pension.
However, you might equally decide you’re just not ready to leave the workplace just yet.
Whatever the reason, there are certain things you need to know before you decide to delay your retirement.
Can everyone work past their State Pension age?
Most people can work past State Pension age, but there are some exceptions to the rules.
For example, your employer can technically ask you to retire if your job requires you to have certain mental or physical capabilities or if your job has an age limit set by law (e.g., the fire service).
However, the thing to remember is that if your employer asks you to retire, they must give a good reason why. And if you feel you have been treated unfairly, you can take your employer to an employment tribunal.
The State Pension
You can claim State Pension between the age of 66 and 68 depending on your date of birth, regardless of whether you are working or not.
However, many people opt to defer their State Pension payments until they stop work altogether.
One of the benefits of delaying your State Pension is that you get a larger weekly payment when you do eventually start taking it.
Your workplace pension
Many older workers opt to delay retirement in order to boost their pension pots. Even working just a few years extra can make a huge difference.
For example, a 65-year-old worker with a £200,000 workplace pension who adds £200 a month to their pot for five years would be left with more than £334,000, assuming 5% a year growth. (Note that compound interest has been added to this calculation using a compound interest calculator).
However, if you decide to carry on working but on reduced hours, bear in mind it’s likely that the amount you put into your pension will also likely fall.
Before making any decisions, it’s therefore a good idea to check with your employer to see how you might be affected.
Taxes
One of the perks of working beyond State Pension age is that you no longer have to pay National Insurance, unless you’re self-employed and pay Class 4 National Insurance Contributions (NICs).
However, you will have to pay income tax, depending on how much you earn.
Bear in mind also that drawing a salary, your workplace pension and your state pension at the same time can change the amount of tax you have to pay.
If you’re unsure about your options or how you might be impacted, then don’t hesitate to get in touch with your financial adviser.
Rishi Sunak’s Spring Statement: how it affects your money
Rishi Sunak delivered his Spring Statement at the end of March, with an update on the current state of the UK economy and future expectations for the nation.
The Chancellor also announced some tax changes that will affect people’s budgets in the months and years ahead.
Here are some of the top changes, and how they may affect your money.
- National Insurance threshold increase
The National Insurance (NI) threshold has been increased from £9,880 to £12,570 a year to help low-income workers take more of their pay home.
This means that from this July workers will not make NI contributions until they earn £12,570 a year.
According to Blick Rothenberg, the maximum that tax bills will be cut by as a result of the change in the NI threshold will be about £330.
Until July, however, previous decisions on National Insurance will have already come into effect from the 2021 Autumn Budget. This means that employees, businesses, and the self-employed will pay 1.25p extra in tax for every pound they earn.
For lower earners the change this July will cancel out the NI surcharge, but higher earners will still be worse off overall.
- Fuel tax cut
The Chancellor announced a 5p a litre reduction in fuel duty for the next year, which will take out some of the burden of rising fuel prices.
The move would theoretically knock £3.30 off the cost of filling a typical 55 litre family car, according to motoring organisation The RAC.
The change came into effect on the same day as the Spring Statement, but has taken time to feed through to prices as suppliers buy fuel wholesale, which means the ‘cheaper’ fuel takes time to reach petrol stations.
Whether it has really helped family budgets remains unclear too. As a result of the war in Ukraine, the price of fuel has been fluctuating significantly at the moment, meaning the tax cut can be amplified or nullified one day to the next.
- Future income tax cut
An income tax cut will take effect in April 2024. At that point, the Basic Rate of Income Tax will be reduced from 20% to 19%. The Statement said it would be worth an average of £175 a year to 30 million people.
But for the 2022-23 tax year the Basic Rate Income Tax rate will remain at 20% on earnings between £12,570 and £50,270. This means that most people will start to pay the higher 40% rate when they have income of £50,270 or more.
These income tax thresholds were frozen by Sunak at a previous Budget. As they are not rising with inflation, more people will be tipped into higher tax brackets as their earnings increase – in effect a stealth tax.
The future 1p cut for Income Tax has implications for pensions too. Cutting the basic rate by a penny will mean that pension savers receive less relief on their contributions at that level.
Savers have been warned that in order to keep on track with their long-term goals, they will have to save more into their pensions as a result.
- Help on energy bills
Millions of households are facing a 54% increase in the cost of annual electricity and bill prices as the Ofgem energy price cap rose on 1 April. On average, this could mean that households will pay £693 more per year, up to nearly £2,000 annually for their bills, depending on the size and energy efficiency of their home.
The Chancellor has announced extra help for struggling families but did this ahead of the Spring Statement.
This includes a £150 council tax rebate for 80% of households (those in Council Tax bands A-D), followed by a £200 discount on bills in October which will need to be repaid, and an expansion to a support scheme for vulnerable people.
Sunak also cut the 5% VAT charge on energy efficiency measures such as solar panels and heat pumps, in order to encourage more households to upgrade their homes to run more cheaply and environmentally-friendly.
- Rising benefits and State Pension
State pension and benefits are rising by 3.1% in April. However, with inflation currently running at around 7.0% this is well below the rising cost of living, with many charities now calling on the Chancellor to go further.
The Triple Lock has been suspended for the State Pension, but is due to be reinstated next year, which will give pensioners a much healthier increase, currently forecasted at around 7.5%. This means the State Pension could go above £200 a week for the first time.
Local councils will be given another £500m in the Household Support Fund, which supports vulnerable people with payments and grants such as vouchers to help pay their bills.
Is long-term wealth building at risk from inflation and interest rate rises?
The wealth landscape has not been this tough for many years. Inflation is perhaps the trickiest issue for wealth growth right now, but interest rates have an effect too. Plus, the radical risk of geopolitical trouble has the effect of compounding both of these problems.
Inflation
Inflation is a problem we’ve not had to deal with in more than a decade. Since the financial crisis of 2008-2009 levels of inflation have, in historical terms, been extremely low.
But it has bounced back with a vengeance in the wake of the pandemic. At the time of writing CPI inflation is at 7.0% – its highest level in 30 years.
The effect of inflation on wealth is simple – if your assets are growing more slowly than the rate of inflation, then in real terms they are diminishing in value.
While it is recommendable to keep a certain amount of wealth in cash for rainy day emergencies, particularly in light of the rising cost of living, anything beyond that should be working harder elsewhere.
Savings rates in cash accounts are rising but are still well below inflation. The current top easy access account comes from Chase Bank at 1.5%.
While inflation is currently high on paper, averaged over many years, the level looks a lot more manageable. In the past 30 years inflation has averaged 2.8%, according to the Bank of England.
With this in mind, the goal of beating inflation over time seems far less unwieldly, through careful investments.
Interest rates
Interest rates have two key impacts on long-term wealth. The first is on debts.
Any kind of debt that is unsecured – be it via credit cards or variable rate mortgages – will get more expensive as rates rise. This makes wealth building harder, because you’ll have less money each month to put away.
In that context, credit cards should be paid down as quickly as possible, and variable rate mortgages should be fixed to protect you against further rate hikes.
Interest rates also affect investments. Riskier investments such as stocks tend to start performing less well when rates go up. This is because as rates rise the yield on bonds – Government and company debts – increase and become more attractive to investors.
But this risk is manageable with careful wealth and investment management, which can blend the best approach for the climate.
Wealth building
Ultimately, despite the twin risks of inflation and interest rates rising, it’s still possible to build wealth over the long term. Considerations of course need to be made, but adjustments are part of the process, and sticking to a course over time will still yield significant benefits.
Of course, with geopolitical catastrophes such as the war in Ukraine, things can look pretty bleak in the short term. But it is essential that anyone interested in building their wealth for the future, should focus on the long-term benefits and goals, rather than worry over short-term issues.
If you’d like to discuss any of the issues raised in this article, don’t hesitate to get in touch with your financial adviser.
The World In A Week - Weeks Where Decades Happen
Written by Cormac Nevin.
Last Friday marked the end of an extraordinary first quarter, which likely left most policymakers feeling like April fools. Policies centred around everything, ranging from dependence on Russian hydrocarbons to past assertions of the transitory nature of inflation, and began to unwind before our eyes. Vladimir Lenin famously said, “There are decades where nothing happens; and there are weeks where decades happen”, and this quote certainly applies to the first quarter of 2022.
Markets rallied last week as risk appetite appeared to return. The MSCI All Country World Index returned +1.2% in GBP terms. Overall, the first quarter was negative for both Equity and Fixed Income returns with the confluence of the economic impact from the war in Europe, causing higher interest rates as central banks battle stubborn inflation and further COVID restrictions in China causing a broad-based sell off. The MSCI All Country World Index of global equities was down -2.1% for the quarter, however outcomes ranged from -7.3% for Continental European Equities to +0.8% for UK Equities, while the S&P 500 in the US was down -1.4% despite heavy tech selling at the beginning of the quarter.
It was one of the worst quarters on record for Fixed Income, as the Bloomberg Global Aggregate GBP Hedged was down -5.2% in the face of rising interest rates, while Investment Grade Credit was down -7.1%. Similar to the equity markets, there was a wide dispersion of outcomes below the surface. Chinese Government debt was up +0.3% for the quarter while Short Dated Inflation Linked Bonds were down only -0.3%. Periods like this illustrate once again the necessity for diligent and diversified positioning to achieve the best outcomes for clients.
Any opinions stated are honestly held but are not guaranteed and should not be relied upon.
The information contained in this document is not to be regarded as an offer to buy or sell, or the solicitation of any offer to buy or sell, any investments or products.
The content of this document is for information only. It is advisable that you discuss your personal financial circumstances with a financial adviser before undertaking any investments.
All the data contained in the communication is believed to be reliable but may be inaccurate or incomplete. Unless otherwise specified all information is produced as of 4th April 2022.
© 2022 YOU Asset Management. All rights reserved.
The World In A Week - Sunak’s Spring Statement
Written by Millan Chauhan.
Last week saw the UK’s Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rishi Sunak, unveil his spring statement update that, in an attempt to support individuals with the rising costs of living, saw a marginal cut in fuel duty and a rise in the minimum threshold of National insurance. On Wednesday last week, UK inflation hit a 30-year high, reaching 6.2% in the 12 months to February. Inflation was at 5.5% in the 12 months to January, but the Russia-Ukraine conflict saw energy prices move even higher due to supply constraints, which has only added to the spiralling increase in living costs. Inflation increased by 0.8% in the month of February, with transport costs being the major contributor. Transport costs have seen an increase of 11.5% in the 12 months to February, the biggest increase of all categories measured by the Office for National Statistics.
Breaking down inflation further, energy prices were a top contributor with the inflation rate of electricity at 19.2% and gas at 28.3% for the year in the 12 months to February. The average household energy bill in February 2022 reached £1,971, compared to the previous year of £1,138, a staggering 73% increase.
Raising interest rates is one of the key monetary policy methods of tackling inflation, with the intention of reducing consumption and promoting savings. Global Central Banks have started increasing rates, with the Federal Reserve raising rates by 0.25% for the first time in 3 years. The Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell announced that rate hikes of greater than 0.25% may occur if necessary. The Federal Reserve expect to raise rates at each of their remaining six meetings this year. The pace at which the Federal Reserve acts to raise rates is going to be crucial as they intend to combat inflation fears without crippling the global economy. The current environment remains challenging as central banks are having to control inflation without causing a recession.
Any opinions stated are honestly held but are not guaranteed and should not be relied upon.
The information contained in this document is not to be regarded as an offer to buy or sell, or the solicitation of any offer to buy or sell, any investments or products.
The content of this document is for information only. It is advisable that you discuss your personal financial circumstances with a financial adviser before undertaking any investments.
All the data contained in the communication is believed to be reliable but may be inaccurate or incomplete. Unless otherwise specified all information is produced as of 28th March 2022.
© 2022 YOU Asset Management. All rights reserved.
The World In A Week - Drawing the path for interest rates
Written by Shane Balkham.
Markets remain focused on the war in Ukraine and, although there were tentative signs of progress and positivity over the peace talks in Turkey, the fighting continues unabated. The Ukrainian Government has refused Russia’s demands that the port of Mariupol be surrendered. Development in talks is welcome, however it seems impossible that Europe can return to how things stood before the invasion. Sanctions against Russia will linger and spending on energy security and defence will likely take on greater importance and significance for many countries.
Before Russia had invaded Ukraine and inflicted a terrible toll on human life, the markets were fully focused on the rotation to an interest rising environment and how quickly rates would be hiked in order to combat the rising levels of inflation. Last week, we had the committee meetings from the central banks of the US and UK to give guidance on how they will enact interest rate policy.
The Federal Reserve raised interest rates by 0.25% and gave a generally buoyant outlook, citing the strong employment numbers in the US. This was arguably expected, and the key element was always going to be the forward guidance for the path of rate rises in 2022. The projections from the Fed showed that six additional rate hikes are now priced in for the remainder of the year, putting year end interest rates at 1.75%.
The Bank of England also raised rates by 0.25%, making it three consecutive meetings of rising interest rates by a quarter percent. However, the accompanying rhetoric was more subdued than its US counterpart, noting the risks to the growth stemming from the war in Ukraine.
The war has undoubtedly made the decision making of the central banks more difficult. The effect on the supply of food and energy has increased the pressures on inflation, where prices have already been rising sharply. This could dent consumer confidence and the policymakers will not want to compound the problem by raising rates too quickly, a sentiment that was echoed in the Bank of England’s minutes.
The backdrop continues to be challenging and uncertain and will be for some time. The markets will remain focused on the central banks, even beyond the hopeful cessation of the conflict. Having appropriately diversified investments during times of stress continues to be a successful strategy.
Any opinions stated are honestly held but are not guaranteed and should not be relied upon.
The information contained in this document is not to be regarded as an offer to buy or sell, or the solicitation of any offer to buy or sell, any investments or products.
The content of this document is for information only. It is advisable that you discuss your personal financial circumstances with a financial adviser before undertaking any investments.
All the data contained in the communication is believed to be reliable but may be inaccurate or incomplete. Unless otherwise specified all information is produced as of 21st March 2022.
© 2022 YOU Asset Management. All rights reserved.
Student loan changes increase pressure on The Bank of Mum and Dad
From 2023 future graduates will start to repay student loans sooner, putting more pressure on young people at a time when cost pressures are rising exponentially.
The threshold for repaying student loans will drop from £27,275 to £25,000 and graduates will continue to pay them back for much longer – up to 40 years.
With student loan changes in the UK set to exclude many young people from receiving financial support, The Bank of Mum and Dad will feel heightened pressure to support their children.
Here are some ways you can help your children financially in higher education and beyond.
- Look further than Student Finance
There are plenty of opportunities out there at the grasp of ambitious children. If you believe your child has the potential to apply for extra funding – such as a scholarship – why not encourage them to do it?
Postgraduate Search has a comprehensive list of bursaries and scholarships: don’t assume these are only for low incomes, top grades, or new starters – there are incentives for everything from subject choice and sporting talent to gender and nationality.
You can also search for hardship funds and advice for emergencies or managing debt at the university, too. University welfare teams, lecturers or simply a student adviser can be the best place to start.
- Be careful how you give
Most UK students don’t have to pay tuition costs until after graduation. After that, 9% will be taken monthly from their salaries.
Most won’t ever pay back their entire loans, and some will never pay anything at all if they don’t reach the income threshold. Student debt doesn’t function like normal debt such as a credit card or mortgage. You only pay if you can.
As a parent, you might be wondering how you can help your children financially, but using a lump sum to pay down student debt is not an effective solution. It would be more sensible to put that towards a child’s deposit on a house.
Alternatively, if you have extra monthly income you think can help, giving them money to deposit in a Lifetime ISA (LISA) can be an effective way to help them financially in the long term.
- Help them become organised
Good financial habits come naturally to some, but for your graduate child, they might not be the best with their money despite several years at university learning how to get by.
Helping them develop good financial habits and teaching them about important financial tools such as credit cards, savings accounts and insurance can be a really good way to help them without necessarily just giving them money.
Good financial habits will help them enter their new careers on a really strong footing and prevent disasters in the future.
- Use your Junior ISA (JISA) allowance
If you still have a few good years to wait for your children to go to university, try looking into opening a Junior ISA account.
That way, when they turn 18, your children can use a bigger pot of money to go to university, accomplish their dreams or even use it as a deposit for a house.
This account can also be a useful tool to help to educate your children about finance, as it offers the option to continue saving and investing the money after they turn 18.
Junior ISA subscriptions see their limit maintained at £9,000 per year. The JISA limit was last changed in early 2020, when it was doubled from £4,500 to its current level. So, there are plenty of resources.
Storm Eunice has shown the importance of robust insurance protection
At a time when finances are strained and climate-related events threaten to make things worse, not having the right insurance cover could lead to major setbacks.
Storm Eunice was a timely reminder for us all that we need insurance cover to help protect us against a range of aspects we encounter in our daily lives. Being financially resilient is more important than ever, and insurance plays a key role in helping us build that resilience.
Here are a few key areas to consider.
Home and buildings
Not only is having buildings and contents insurance typically a condition of most UK mortgage offers, but it is also absolutely critical to protect your home against a range of possible risks.
These include extreme weather events such as Eunice, but even more everyday issues such as burst pipes, burglary, or fires.
Really basic issues can invalidate your home insurance, so it is important to keep on top of your policy. Leaving a home unoccupied for a length of time (often around 30 days), not updating your provider when you make alterations to the property, or not using an intruder alarm are all things which can invalidate your cover.
Another major one, which has become more prevalent during the pandemic, is using your home for business purposes. ‘Working from home’ if you have an office job is typically not a problem, but it can become an issue for occupations which involve selling products online from your house, or having customers come to your property for any reason.
The value of your contents should also be scrupulously accounted for. Overestimating the value of the content of your home can lead to policies being invalidated. Items of specific high value such as collectibles, jewellery or electronic equipment should be explicitly accounted for.
Travel
Storm Eunice caused the cancellation of hundreds of flights in the UK, underpinning the importance of travel insurance.
But the need for it to protect your holidays is much broader than just foul weather, and the pandemic has made getting the right policy more important than ever. With travel ramping back up in the wake of government restrictions being lifted, it is essential to ensure you’re fully covered from the moment you leave your house, to stepping off the plane in your destination and back again.
The most important thing to be mindful of is travel advice warnings. During the pandemic major issues arose for travellers where the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) would issue travel warnings for certain countries, but flights would still be operating to those regions.
If the FCDO advises against all but essential travel to a region and you still go – it can invalidate your insurance. But if the airline is still operating the flight you’re booked on and you don’t have insurance – they are under no obligation to refund you.
Many airlines improved their booking and flight change policies as a result of the pandemic, but some are now returning to their less flexible pre-pandemic state.
Life and illness
Life and serious illness protection is a major policy that many people unfortunately forget.
Life insurance is essential when you have dependents such as children, or co-own property and have a mortgage in place. Were something to happen to you, without cover in place, your partner would be liable to cover the mortgage payments despite losing your income.
Some workplaces offer types of cover as a part of employment contracts, but this is not always guaranteed. Life and serious illness cover is therefore essential to protect against the most tragic of unexpected events.
Because these kinds of policies typically deal with such high levels of pay-outs, insurance firms can be extremely particular about the details of policies and information.
Failure to disclose information such as pre-existing medical conditions, missing premium payments, trying to claim too soon, and some types of death are reasons why an insurer may refuse to pay out.
The most common issue however is failing to purchase cover far enough in advance. Not only will you get a better premium the younger you are, but also the longer you hold a policy for, the less likely it will be turned down in the event of a serious, terminal illness or for other pre-existing conditions that might lead to your death.
The World In A Week - Commodities & Inflationary conundrum
Written by Richard Warne.
After enduring the COVID-19 pandemic for the last few years and seemingly coming through the other side, I think most would have assumed that the flight path looking forward was going to be a positive one. However, Vladimir Putin’s decision to invade Ukraine certainly has thrown that proposition to the wall. The question is, how long it will last and what will the human cost be. Truly a tragic situation. This has further implications for assessing inflation, growth, and global stability. As geopolitical tensions continue to send shock waves across global markets, many questions about the prospect of stagflation (higher inflation and slowing economic growth) and recession have begun to emerge.
Last week the US banned Russian oil imports, temporarily sending Brent crude oil over $128/barrel before settling down around $110/barrel. US inflation hit a whopping 7.9%, the highest level since 1982, and the Fed signalled a 25bps rate hike at its next meeting, while German CPI touched 5.1%. Last Thursday, the European Central Bank announced that it will scale back its bond-buying stimulus programme faster than previously expected, in response to higher inflation risks. In the US, the 10-year Treasury yield rose 15bps to 1.99%, while the UK 10-year Gilt and German 10-year Bund yields rose 22bps and 25bps to 1.52% and 0.27% respectively, over the week.
On a positive note, many European banks disclosed their direct exposure to Russia with management teams reiterating that exposures are manageable, helping bank stocks and subordinated bonds such as AT1s to recover. Equity markets were generally in negative territory last week, with the MSCI All Country World Index -1.3% in Sterling terms, though we did see a relief rally in the UK with the FTSE All Share up +3.0% and the MSCI Europe ex-UK up+4.1%. We maintain a neutral stance on equities across our portfolios, with all the uncertainty that currently exists. Being tactically overweight, UK equities positively contributed to performance.
Any opinions stated are honestly held but are not guaranteed and should not be relied upon.
The information contained in this document is not to be regarded as an offer to buy or sell, or the solicitation of any offer to buy or sell, any investments or products.
The content of this document is for information only. It is advisable that you discuss your personal financial circumstances with a financial adviser before undertaking any investments.
All the data contained in the communication is believed to be reliable but may be inaccurate or incomplete. Unless otherwise specified all information is produced as of 14th March 2022.
© 2022 YOU Asset Management. All rights reserved.
The World In A Week - Confusion & uncertainty
Written by Richard Warne.
Equity and bond markets were generally in negative territory last week, with most bond indices declining around -1.0% and the global equity market, MSCI All Country World Index retracted -0.7% in Sterling terms. The shining light for the week was the performance of UK equities with the FTSE All Share Index +1.5%, a positive for us with an overweight to the UK equity market. The return of the UK market is indicative of the variation we have seen this year between value and growth, with the UK market being “old economy”, a beneficiary of the shift in expectations of rising rates and inflation, with its high exposure to mining, energy, and financials.
The shift in market sentiment emphasised the old economy and new economy deviation. While the UK market enjoyed a positive week, the Nasdaq 100 in the US, which has a significant allocation to technology, declined -2.8% in Sterling terms. The first quarter earnings season will soon be upon us, which may provide a guide to where markets are going. It will be important in helping to answer the question everyone wants to know – “are the global economy and markets strong enough to endure a monetary tightening cycle”?
The environment continues to remain confusing. Many of the macro-overhangs continue to weigh on markets, while the war in Ukraine sadly drags on with little visibility of a resolution. China is balancing how it contains recent COVID-19 outbreaks without damaging an already sluggish economy, while in the US the Fed is signalling an accelerated timeline for quantitative easing. In France, the resurgence of the far right could signal further political uncertainty in Europe. All good reasons why, as investors, it is important to stick to your investment journey and not be swayed by the uncertainty.
Any opinions stated are honestly held but are not guaranteed and should not be relied upon.
The information contained in this document is not to be regarded as an offer to buy or sell, or the solicitation of any offer to buy or sell, any investments or products.
The content of this document is for information only. It is advisable that you discuss your personal financial circumstances with a financial adviser before undertaking any investments.
All the data contained in the communication is believed to be reliable but may be inaccurate or incomplete. Unless otherwise specified all information is produced as of 11th April 2022.
© 2022 YOU Asset Management. All rights reserved.